Internet-based identification of anxiety in university students using text and facial emotion analysis.

Background: Anxiety in university students can lead to poor academic performance and even dropout. The Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale (AMAS-C) is a validated measure designed to assess the level and nature of anxiety in college students. Objective: The aim of this study is to provide internet-based alternatives to the AMAS-C in the automated identification and prediction of anxiety in young university students. Two anxiety prediction methods, one based on facial emotion recognition and the other on text emotion recognition, are described and validated using the AMAS-C Test Anxiety, Lie and Total Anxiety scales as ground truth data. Methods: The first method analyses facial expressions, identifying the six basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise) and the neutral expression, while the students complete a technical skills test. The second method examines emotions in posts classified as positive, negative and neutral in the students' profile on the social network Facebook. Both approaches aim to predict the presence of anxiety. Results: Both methods achieved a high level of precision in predicting anxiety and proved to be effective in identifying anxiety disorders in relation to the AMAS-C validation tool. Text analysis-based prediction showed a slight advantage in terms of precision (86.84 %) in predicting anxiety compared to face analysis-based prediction (84.21 %). Conclusions: The applications developed can help educators, psychologists or relevant institutions to identify at an early stage those students who are likely to fail academically at university due to an anxiety disorder.

Augmented Humanity: A Systematic Mapping Review.

Augmented humanity (AH) is a term that has been mentioned in several research papers. However, these papers differ in their definitions of AH. The number of publications dealing with the topic of AH is represented by a growing number of publications that increase over time, being high impact factor scientific contributions. However, this terminology is used without being formally defined. The aim of this paper is to carry out a systematic mapping review of the different existing definitions of AH and its possible application areas. Publications from 2009 to 2020 were searched in Scopus, IEEE and ACM databases, using search terms "augmented human", "human augmentation" and "human 2.0". Of the 16,914 initially obtained publications, a final number of 133 was finally selected. The mapping results show a growing focus on works based on AH, with computer vision being the index term with the highest number of published articles. Other index terms are wearable computing, augmented reality, human-robot interaction, smart devices and mixed reality. In the different domains where AH is present, there are works in computer science, engineering, robotics, automation and control systems and telecommunications. This review demonstrates that it is necessary to formalize the definition of AH and also the areas of work with greater openness to the use of such concept. This is why the following definition is proposed: "Augmented humanity is a human-computer integration technology that proposes to improve capacity and productivity by changing or increasing the normal ranges of human function through the restoration or extension of human physical, intellectual and social capabilities".

Adherencia a guías de atención de control prenatal en red pública de subregión norte, departamento del Magdalena (Colombia) / Adherence to guidelines for prenatal care in public health care network of the north subregion, department of Magdalena (Colombia)

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el grado de adherencia a la guía de atención prenatal en las Empresas Sociales del Estado (ESE) de primer nivel de complejidad de la subregión norte, departamento del Magdalena (Colombia) de enero a marzo de 2016. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con revisión documental, retrospectivo, que se desarrolló en el primer trimestre del año 2016. El censo de la población estuvo representada por 1164 historias clínicas de Control Prenatal en las instituciones hospitalarias adscritas a las ESE; de las cuales se escogieron aleatoriamente 396 para la construcción de la investigación. En los resultados se evidenció la no adherencia a las guías de atención prenatal, y se observó que solo el hospital dos cumple al 100% optimo con cuatro 66,6%) de los seis ítems evaluados (Clasificación del riesgo obstétrico, historia clínica materno y carné materno perinatal, provisión de micronutrientes y referencia y contrarreferencia). Se comprobó que se requiere mejorar el seguimiento a las alteraciones detectadas durante el embarazo, especialmente en lo que concierne a la clasificación de riesgo con el objetivo de disminuir la tasa de mortalidad materna en el departamento del Magdalena.

The objective of the study was to determine the degree of adherence to the prenatal care guide in the State Social Enterprises of the first level of complexity of the northern sub-region, department of Magdalena (Colombia), from January to March of 2016. A descriptive study was carried out with a retrospective documentary review, which was developed in the first quarter of 2016. The census of the population was represented by 1164 Prenatal Control clinical records in the hospitals affiliated to the State Social Enterprises; of which 396 were randomly chosen for the construction of the research. The results showed non-adherence to prenatal care guidelines, observing that only hospital two meets 100% OPTIMO with four 66.6%) of the six items evaluated (Classification of obstetric risk, maternal clinical history and maternal cardiology perinatal, provision of micronutrients and reference and counterreferral). It was found that it is necessary to improve the monitoring of the alterations detected during pregnancy, especially as regards the risk classification with the aim of decreasing the maternal mortality rate in the department of Magdalena.

Integrating Virtual Worlds with Tangible User Interfaces for Teaching Mathematics: A Pilot Study.

This article presents a pilot study of the use of two new tangible interfaces and virtual worlds for teaching geometry in a secondary school. The first tangible device allows the user to control a virtual object in six degrees of freedom. The second tangible device is used to modify virtual objects, changing attributes such as position, size, rotation and color. A pilot study on using these devices was carried out at the "Florida Secundaria" high school. A virtual world was built where students used the tangible interfaces to manipulate geometrical figures in order to learn different geometrical concepts. The pilot experiment results suggest that the use of tangible interfaces and virtual worlds allowed a more meaningful learning (concepts learnt were more durable).

Epilepsia y sueño / Epilepsy and sleep

Existe una interacción importante entre la epilepsia y el sueño, ya que este último tiene influencia en el momento de iniciación, la frecuencia y las características de las crisis, así como los hallazgos electroencefalográficos. La privación del sueño también desempeña un papel fundamental de otra parte, la epilepsia y los medicamentos anticonvulsivantes alteran el patrón de sueño. Sin embargo, se desconocen los mecanismos neurofisiológicos que intervienen en esta interacción y su esclarecimiento es de vital importancia para controlar las crisis y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En este escrito se describen los diferentes tipos de crisis, su relación con las etapas del sueño y sus patrones electroencefalográfico.

There is a significant interaction between epilepsy and sleep, since the latter has influence in the onset, frequency and characteristics of the seizures, as well as EEG findings, and sleep deprivation also plays an important role; on the other hand, epilepsy and anticonvulsant drugs alter the pattern of sleep. However, neurophysiological mechanisms involved in this interaction are yet unknown and its clarification is vital to control seizures and improve the quality of life of patients. In this paper are described the different types of seizures, their relationship with the stages of sleep, and their electroencephalographic patterns.

Gonadal development and sex differentiation in the cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus (Teleostei, Perciformes): a light- and electron-microscopic study.

Although the overall pattern and timing of gonadal sex differentiation have been established in a considerable number of teleosts, the ultrastructure of early stages of gonadal development is not well documented. In this study, gonads from larval and juvenile stages of laboratory-reared Cichlasoma dimerus were examined at the light-microscopic and ultrastructural levels. This freshwater species adapts easily to captivity and spawns with high frequency during 8 months of the year, providing an appropriate model for developmental studies. Larvae and juveniles were kept at a water temperature of 26.5 +/- 1 degrees C and a 12:12 hour photoperiod. Gonadal development was documented from 14-100 days postfertilization, covering the period of histologically discernible sex differentiation. Gonadal tissue was processed according to standard techniques for light and electron microscopy. C. dimerus, a perciform teleost, is classified as a differentiated gonochorist, in which an indifferent gonad develops directly into a testis or ovary. On day 14, the gonadal primordium consists of a few germ cells surrounded by enveloping somatic cells. Ovarian differentiation precedes testicular differentiation, as usual in teleost fishes. The earliest signs of differentiation, detected from day 42 onward, include the onset of meiotic activity in newly formed oocytes, which is soon accompanied by increased oogonial mitotic proliferation and the somatic reorganization of the presumptive ovary. The ovarian cavity is completely formed by day 65. Numerous follicles containing perinucleolar oocytes are observed by day 100. In contrast, signs of morphological differentiation in the presumptive testis are not observed until day 72. By day 100, the unrestricted lobular organization of the testis is evident. The latest stage of spermatogenesis observed by this time of testicular development is spermatocyte II.

Testicular interstitial cells, and steroidogenic detection in the protogynous fish, Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei, Synbranchidae).

The swamp eel, Synbranchus marmoratus, is a freshwater protogynic diandric species. Primary males develop directly as males while secondary males arise from the sex reversal of females. Fishes from Argentine and Brazil inland waters were collected, examined and compared for this study. In order to characterize the interstitial testicular compartment, light and electron microscopy techniques and an enzyme histochemical examination for steroidogenic cells detection were used. The interstitial compartment of S. marmoratus is composed of Leydig and myoid cells, collagen fibers, blood cells, macrophages,and amyelinic nerves. At the ultrastructural level, no differences were observed in the interstitial tissue, either between specimens from the different sampling sites or between primary and secondary males. Leydig cells are present in all testes examined throughout the year. A cytoplasmatic reaction of 3beta-HSD was detected only in Leydig cells during sex reversal and in both type of males, mainly during the regressed and early maturation classes (autumn and winter). Leydig cells possess the typical fine structural characteristics associated with steroidogenesis. Furthermore, in both type of males, during sex reversal and after the spawning period, the number of granulocytes and macrophages present in the testes increased, suggesting that they could be involved in phagocytosis and resorption of damaged cells.

Patrones ictales en pediatria / Electroencephalografic patters in childhood

La videoelectroencefalografiá ha hecho grandes aportes al estudio de la epilepsia, no sólo en el conocimiento semiológico de las crisis convulsivas, sino en la clasificación de las mismas y diagnóstico correcto de los síndromes epilépticos en la infancia, así como determinación del foco epiléptico en pacientes con epilepsia refractaria en estudio para cirugía de epilepsia. Se realiza una revisión de las ventajas y desventajas de los estudios de electroencefalografía de superficie y del monitoreo intracraneal. Se revisan las características ictales de los diferentes tipos de crisis convulsivas observadas en la infancia.

Oogenesis in Coptopteryx viridis (Dyctioptera, Mantidae). II Histological and histochemical study of the ovary

O ovário do mantídeo Coptopteryx viridis foi estudado por meio de técnicas histológicas e histoquímicas. Cada ovaríolo (tipo panoístico) contém oócitos em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, envolvidos por células foliculares. Estas células modificam suas estruturas durante os distintos estágios de oogênese. Descrevem-se as diferentes fases meióticas e os fenômenos das emissöes de nucléolos. A formaçäo de membrana vitelina começa quado o oócito encontra-se em um estádio avançado de vitelogênese. O endocórion e o exocórion säo formados como resultado da atividade do epitélio folicular quando a vitelogênese está terminada

Ultrastructural features of Coptopteryx viridis (Dyctioptera-Mantidae) eggshell layers and regions

Descreve-se a ultra-estrutura e a complexidade localizada das membranas da casca do ovo de Coptopteryx viridis. Säo observadas três camadas: exocórion, endocório e membrana vitelina. Das três camadas, o exocórion é a mais espessa (4,8 a 26,4 micronm) e compreende quatro áreas morfologicamente difeentes; o endocórion cuja espessura média é de 2 micronm apresenta três subcamadas, a mais interna e homogênea de 0.05 micronm, e a mais externa de 1 micronm, estando separadas por pilares de 0,95 micronm de altura, distanciados um de outro por 0,14 micronm. A membrana vitelina, com uma espessura de 0,60 micronm, apresenta-se com um aspecto granuloso e irregular sem qualquer padräo reconhecível. Propöe-se um possível mecanismo respiratório baseado em nossas observaçöes

PARTHENOGENESIS IN COPTOPTERYX VIRIDIS, GIGLIO TOS (1915) (DYCTIOPTERA, MANTIDAE).

Several years of observations of the behavior of the mantid Coptoteryx viridis suggested evidence of parthenogenesis in this species. C. viridis is a solitary, sedentary animal, where the female often kills the male before copulation takes place, and the average male adult life is half that of the female. Virgin females were reared in our laboratory from their hatching to the end of their lives; these laid oothecas. From these oothecas, parthenogenetic nymphs were born, all of the female sex and with a very low viability. The karyo-type of the non-parthenogenetic individuals of this species was found to be XO-XX with a diploid number of 27 chromosomes for the male and 28 for the female. The autosomes were acrocentric or "t" type while the X chromosome was subtelocentric or "st" type, according to Levan's classification.